Three Basic Needs for Motivation

Three Basic Needs for Motivation

1. Autonomy – Students need to feel a sense of control over their learning. When students can make choices or voice opinions, they are more likely to be engaged.

2. Competence – Students must feel capable and effective in their learning. A sense of mastery encourages persistence and effort.

3. Relatedness – Students need to feel connected to others—teachers, peers, and the learning community. Belonging promotes risk-taking and participation.

What Happens When These Needs Are (or Aren’t) Met?

• When these needs are met, students tend to show higher levels of engagement, resilience, and interest in learning.

• When these needs aren’t met, students may become withdrawn, apathetic, or resistant. They may disengage or act out due to a lack of confidence or connection.